Causes of Ingrown Toenails:

1. Improper toenail trimming: Cutting the toenails too short or rounding the edges instead of cutting straight across can encourage the nail to grow into the skin.

2. Tight or ill-fitting footwear: Shoes that squeeze the toes together can exert pressure on the nails, causing them to grow abnormally and become ingrown.

3. Trauma or injury to the toe: Stubbing the toe or dropping something heavy on it can cause the nail to grow irregularly.

4. Nail shape and genetics: Some individuals may have naturally curved or fan-shaped toenails, making them more prone to ingrown nails.

5. Excessive sweating: Profuse sweating can soften the skin around the nail, making it easier for the nail to penetrate the skin.

Symptoms of Ingrown Toenails:

1. Pain and tenderness along the edge of the affected toenail.

2. Redness and swelling around the nail.

3. Increased sensitivity to pressure or touch.

4. Formation of a small, painful, and sometimes infected area (abscess) around the ingrown nail.

5. Discharge of pus if the ingrown toenail becomes infected.

6. Difficulty wearing shoes or walking comfortably.

Treatment of Ingrown Toenails: For mild cases of ingrown toenails, home remedies and self-care may help alleviate the symptoms. These include:

1. Soaking the foot: Soak the affected foot in warm, soapy water to reduce swelling and discomfort.

2. Proper toenail trimming: Trim the toenails straight across, without rounding the corners, to prevent further ingrowth.

3. Using a toe protector or dental floss: Placing a small piece of cotton or dental floss under the ingrown edge of the nail can help lift it and promote proper growth.

4. Applying antibiotic ointment: If the area appears infected, applying an antibiotic ointment may help prevent further complications.

In more severe or recurrent cases, or when an infection is present, it’s crucial to seek treatment from a podiatrist. A podiatrist may perform a minor surgical procedure to remove the ingrown portion of the nail and provide relief. In some cases, they may remove the entire nail or apply a chemical to prevent regrowth.

To prevent ingrown toenails, it’s essential to wear well-fitting shoes, trim toenails properly, and take good care of the feet, especially for individuals with diabetes or circulation problems, as they are more susceptible to complications from ingrown toenails.